The Construction Of Masculinity In Mens Magazines

The Construction Of Masculinity In Mens Magazines Men are increasingly becoming the consumers of ideologies and products once confined to the female domain, such as grooming products and fashion. In particular the increasing publication, and consumption, of magazines that target the male audience has been a strong media influence, such as GQ, Esquire, For Him Magazine (FHM), and, Loaded. In the chapter consuming masculinities: Style, Content and Mens Magazines in the book Men in the mirror, Tim Edwards (1997) discusses the implications of mens magazines for the development of male masculinity. He notes that since the 1980s there has been an increase in magazines that specifically target men, whether this be directly through the inclusion of style-conscious articles, or more general targeting of regular features that may appeal to men, or finally through interest magazines, which do not specifically target men but are mainly concerned with male interests such as technology or cars. During the texts discussion on the cause of the rise in mens magazines, and their influence on male masculinity, Edwards acknowledges the rise in the new man and the new lad in which new forms of masculinities can be argued to be developing within society. However, ultimately, there is a single dominant masculinity that is presented and targeted by mens magazines. Outline: Time Edwards Consuming Masculinities: Style, Content and Mens Magazines The increase in mens magazines in general is due to the social, economic, and political changes during the 1980s and 1990s. Financial advancement of many men, in particular young middle class white males in the professional and primary sectors of employment. A consequence of demographic changes now means that men now live alone or do not have children. Political encouragements of individualism and increasing aspirations from the Thatcher and Major periods. Influential position of womens and gay movements which challenge the notions of heterosexual masculinity. The increasing social acceptance of men to be consumers of their own masculinity, e.g. the male body can be sold, imitated and copied. The style and content of mens magazines appears varied and free-floating but is in fact fixed. Many of the magazines appeal to the affluent, professional, or managerial men in society. Students also comprise a strong readership in mens magazines; however it is important to remember that it is students that will eventually form the next generation of professionals. The majority of male magazines assume the heterosexuality of their readers. The legitimisation of consumption as a socially acceptable male activity as a symbol of success. Mens magazines promote a new form of masculinity which is pre-occupied with consumer-oriented attitudes and practises. Masculinity can be constantly reconstructed through the consumption of identity building activities such as shopping or leisure activities. The development of the New Lad is a continuing development upon the notions of the New Man, in which the new lad embraces masculinity. The new man is characterised as being caring and sharing, on the contrary, the new lad is characterised as being selfish, loutish and enjoys drinking, football and fucking. Literature Review: According to cultural perspectives, masculinity can be understood as providing members of society with a shared understanding of what it means to be a man: what one looks like, how one should behave (Edley and Wetherell, 1996: 106). This is evident in studies which have focused on the analysis of mens magazines, and have found that they frequently present a constructed image of masculinity. As Edley and Wetherell suggest manliness, in other words, is a contested territory; it is an ideological battlefield (1996: 106). Edwards (1997), Boni (2002) and Edley and Wetherell (1996) all acknowledge that there is a crisis of masculinity in which masculinity is being reconstructed and moving away from traditional ideas of men as main role as the breadwinner, and adopting a more consumer masculinity. In such, masculinity is argued to be consuming ideologies and products once confined to the female domain, such as fashion and leisure activates such as shopping. To demonstrate further, the increasing notion of the metrosexual male describes a masculinity which is concerned with looking good, and creating a good presentation of the self. Such a concept, previously would have been confined to the realm of women, and to some degree was seen as an expectation of women to look good for their husbands, this was particularly prominent in the Victorian ideology of gender. However, it is necessary to note that crisis does not necessary mean negative, however a re-negotiation of masculinity within society. In the chapter by Edwards (1997), masculinity is seen as being continually reconstructed in association with the consumer culture in mens magazines. Similarly, Boni (2002) also acknowledges the same in his more recent study of mens magazines. However, Boni, unlike Edwards, acknowledges that men are not simply passive viewers of magazines, but in reality engage in the information presented. In a discussion of the interpretation of health and body representations of masculinity, Boni notes that men may adopt one of three strategies of responding to the presented masculinity. The first response is the reliance strategy in which men rely on the representation of a healthy image for the standard on which to base their own life. Secondly, the reformation strategy allows for the modification of the ideal masculinity in order to fit in with a individuals abilities. Finally, the rejection strategy is adopted by individuals who oppose the masculinity presented. Thus this demonstrates that whil e mens magazines continually present and reconstruct masculinities, it is not a one way process, and in fact men interacts with these representations to fit with their own perceptions of masculinity. Furthermore, the continuing adaptations of masculinity has also generated a change in the male gaze. Previously men were deemed to look and women were to be looked at, however with the flourishing of mens magazines the male gaze has been restructured. Through mens magazines, men have been constructed as objects of desire to be bought and sold, or imitated and copied (Edwards, 1997: 125; Boni, 2002). To illustrate further in a study of mens magazine Mens Health, Boni (2002) noted that images within the magazine were frequently young, lean, muscular male bodies. Thus demonstrating that the male body is presented in mens magazines as something to adopt or aspire to. However, with the advent of the new lad acknowledged by Edwards (1997), a shift towards a separation in masculine ideologies is evident. Edwards describes the new lad as oddly still all too self-conscious and quick to consider the cut of his jeans or the Lacoste label on his T-shirt: in short, his is that most ghastly of all configurations, defensively working class which also means defensively masculine who is interested in drinking, football and fucking, and in that order (1997: 82). In addition Boni also notes the emergence of this concept of masculinity in the increasing range of mens magazines which publish topless women on their front pages, and the extensive range of soft-porn content within the magazines. What is further evident, is the separation of the new lad and the new man, and in which particular magazines target particular individuals. The new lad can be associated with a working class construction of masculinity, thus it can be argued that in recent years there has be en a development in a range of mens magazines to target different sections of society. It is thus evident that masculinity cannot be considered as a singular entity; rather in the referral to mens magazines we should discuss masculinities. While some mens magazines explicitly target and promote a single masculinity, it would be naive to consider this as the only form of masculinity within society. Edley and Wetherell (1996) note that the dominant ideology of masculinity has been enforced by the dominant class within society (i.e. the middle, upper class) through the cultural meanings reinforced through key institution, such as schools, churches, and the media. Thus the development of the new lad could be argued to be a successful attempt to fight against the dominant ideologies of masculinity presented by society. Crosscutting Themes: As has been demonstrated, the construction of masculinity within mens magazines heavily relies on the wider construction of masculinity within society. In particular the changes of the economic position of men during the post-fordism era construct men as moving away for the role of the breadwinner, and towards a more segregated role within society. Thus is is necessary to consider the wider implications of economic changes within society to understand the full impact on masculinity. However, it is important to note that it can be argued that these changes are perceived changes as men still predominantly occupy the higher sectors of employment and still continue to act as a breadwinner within the family, as may womens wages continue to be less than mens. Whats more, the wider constructions of masculinity within the media should be considered, especially in relation to the new construction of fatherhood which sees men as adopting a more caring and supportive role within the family. This therefore contradicts Edwards argument that more men are interested in mens magazines as more are remaining childless, as recent media publicity, and other academic studies, have shown fathers wanting to adopt a more integrated role in the family. To conclude, the construction of masculinity cannot be considered in a vacuum, and the wider impact of other forms of the media, and other constructions of masculinity within society must be acknowledged. Additionally, masculinity does not exist separately for femininity, thus to fully understand the construction on masculinity, it is necessary to understand the construction of femininity. This is particularly important because as it has been demonstrated negotiations are made between the two ideologies about what is acceptable.

Philippine Attacks :: essays research papers

ZAMBOANGA, Philippines (AP) - Philippine forces launched attacks on three southern islands in an effort to wipe out the guerrillas who held a U.S. couple hostage for more than a year, military officers said Sunday. The assaults, which started Saturday after one of the Americans and a Philippine captive died in a rescue attempt, are aimed at the top three commanders of the Islamic militant group Abu Sayyaf, said Philippine Maj. Gen. Ernesto Carolina. Martin Burnham, 42, and Ediborah Yap, 45, died in a shootout Friday when government troops ambushed their captors in jungles of the main southern Philippine island of Mindanao. Burnham's wife Gracia was shot through the thigh but rescued. "We're now operating with greater ZAMBOANGA, Philippines (AP) - Philippine forces launched attacks on three southern islands in an effort to wipe out the guerrillas who held a U.S. couple hostage for more than a year, military officers said Sunday. The assaults, which started Saturday after one of the Americans and a Philippine captive died in a rescue attempt, are aimed at the top three commanders of the Islamic militant group Abu Sayyaf, said Philippine Maj. Gen. Ernesto Carolina. Martin Burnham, 42, and Ediborah Yap, 45, died in a shootout Friday when government troops ambushed their captors in jungles of the main southern Philippine island of Mindanao. Burnham's wife Gracia was shot through the thigh but rescued. "We're now operating with greater intensity. We will not let them get away with this," said Carolina, head of southern Philippine forces. He said no clashes were reported as of Sunday morning. Carolina said 1,500 and 1,800 soldiers would arrive in the next three days to back troops already hunting the Abu Sayyaf on the islands of Jolo, Basilan and the province of Zamboanga del Norte on Mindanao. "We will have to finish this war because terrorism is a scourge on the Earth," President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo said Sunday. All three mountainous, jungle-covered areas stand in a 60-mile stretch of the Sulu Sea in the southwestern Philippines. It wasn't clear how many troops were already involved in the operations, but thousands of soldiers have been in the area for months - since the military launched its offensive after the Abu Sayyaf seized the Burnhams and several other hostages in May 2001. Carolina said soldiers on Mindanao were hunting Abu Sayyaf leader Abu Sabaya, who fled into dense jungle with about 40 men after the army attacked them during Friday's rescue mission. (AP) Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, right, extends her condolences to the family of slain.

Is Government Interference Right? Essay -- essays research papers

Should government have the right to interfere in our private lives? Does being part of a representative democracy mean that we abdicate our freedom to make our own choices in the name of the good of all? Should the government have the right to interfere in our private lives? Democracy guarantees freedom. One might then argue that a government should allow people to act according to their own free will. But there are two sides to every coin. Absolute independence might not lead to anything productive in an interdependent society as ours. There needs to be a basic framework of rules and guidelines to which all participants in that society agree to. According to Hobbes, human nature is such that if there were no rules or a law enforcing institution in the government, it would be a war of every man against every man1. The government regulates the activities of individuals in a manner such that the freedom guaranteed by democracy to everybody is not infringed upon by the selfish acts of few. Apart from the protection of these basic rights of people, I feel that government interference in our private live is not acceptable. Systems such as welfare and progressive taxes do not seem quite right. The government should definitely work towards the increase in the standard of living of the whole nation but it should not be by snatching well-earned money from the rich in the form of progressive taxes just because they have some extra money whereas some others are not so fortunate enou...

Essay on national service program

The National Service Program proposal by the US congress once heard will immediately pose a lot of questions. But many of those questions have been answered by the different corps that has been providing utmost help to those who need. Through the National Service Program, public schools would be able to provide the education every child needs, the quality of life improved by providing easy and fast access to public health, providing food to the hungry, shelter to the homeless, environment conservation and protection, care giving to the elders and being there when a community experiences such devastating calamites and disasters like hurricanes, flooding and such terror activities. Most of the time, people would be willing to extend their service, but sometimes they just don’t know where or how (McCain, 2001).With the proposal, almost every single American would be able to show their patriotism to the country. A lot of opportunities to serve others are present, and still many ar e not doing a thing. By providing means on where one could serve, that way, he or she would be able to determine what service could be provided according to his or her knowledge, skills and abilities. Serving the country is not just about joining the army and being involved in wars over Iraq, Vietnam and Afghanistan. Fortunately, a lot of different corps is available depending on the mode of service they provide.The corp can be a group that can provide measures in making a community safe from any kind of crime and terrorists activities. The program also extends its help to countries in overseas by providing means in solving challenges for the development of a nation. Talents and skills are shared in this program for those who want to improve and further develop their capacities(Marshall, 2007). The service programs could be the key for students entering the college in choosing the career path they would be taking. A study has shown that students in high school that were engaged in a community service are more likely to finish college compared to those who have not joined such activity. Also, improvement in their reading skills, mathematics and science is evident(Roscow, 2007).Having a national service program instead of a voluntary or selective program will result into a lot of inevitable issues regarding freedom. Making or compelling the citizens to work for two years will greatly affect their lives. A family man working hard to raise his family would not have two years to serve others. He would of course be putting his family first before others. Or course the government cannot satisfy or at least provide the necessities that a family needs if their provider is gone and doing national service, would they?Two years of public service is too much, considering the fact that it would be full time. Another issue that would be raised is how the government would compel millions of citizens to do national service. Would there be laws that would prosecute a person if he or she did not perform the necessary tasks he or she is into? If so, would it not violate the rights and freedom of the general public? A lot of issues are needed to be considered before passing the proposal especially those ones that concerns the rights and freedom of every American citizen.The government alone cannot rely on the workforce is has. It needs more than it could have in providing services. As every American individual obtain the ever ending rights, entitlements and freedom, obligation to the nation lacks. And some don’t even know what really is their responsibility and obligation to their country. John Kennedy once told the country about not asking what a nation or a country do for them but it’s about doing something for the country (Healy, 2007). With the National Service Program, billion of hours of service could be provided in making a country far well-protected, stronger and a better place. It not only teaches patriotism but responsibility and comp assion as a whole. Not everyone could be called a hero like those that have saved lives or the war veterans in World War II, but by providing service to your fellow countrymen, you can be a their hero.Healy, A. L. Y. a. M. (2007). Citizenship means giving something back. THe Denver Post.Marshall, W. (2007). Ideas for national service that would benefit America. The Sacramento Bee.McCain, J. (2001). Putting the â€Å"National† in National Service [Electronic Version]. Washington Monthly. Retrieved July 1, 2007 from http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2001/0110.mccain.html.Roscow, D. (2007). Academic Performance Enhanced By High School Civic Engagement. CIRCLE.

Gandhi And Nehru

Papua and Coach Builders of Modern India During the last twain thousand five hundred old age and more of Indians history, two individual combinations do tremendous impact both on Indians refining and polity. The initiative off duo was that of Cattily and his believe aider Contractual Marry who unitedly laid the foundation of the first massive historical empire of ancient India. The different duo was that of Mahatma Gandhi and mountebank Nehru who were instrumental in laying the base of a advance(a) Indian state and giving frame of reference to ideas in the realm of education, culture and democracy. Gandhi founded the honest Ashram after turning from S protrudeh Africa and successfully employed the principles of orderly in union the peasants of Qaeda and Champaign against the government. After this success Gandhi was bestowed the title of Papua and Mahatma and his fame spread far and wide. mountebank Nehru was non only the first ground Minister of India, but in that opacity, was in any case a major world image during the mid- ordinal century.Like kind-hearted beingy national leaders who first lead, or play a major utilisation in leading, their nation to independence, Nehru was astray loved and respected and ended up not only serving as the nations deader for many years but as good shaped much of the nations policy-making life. very much every official act of much(prenominal) a leader is a first and often becomes a precedent that his successors follow. 2 His great love for roses as well as children is a well-kn profess fact. In fact he often comp ard the two, grammatical construction that children were like the buds in a garden.They should be carefully and lovingly nurtured, as they were the proximo of the nation and the citizens of tomorrow. He felt that children are the real strength of a untaught and the very foundation of society. Most note worthyly he did not discriminate mingled with he sexes and believed in giving exis t opportunities to girls and boys. Quite naturally, he was the beloved of all the children who gave him the adorable name of Coach Nehru. Mahatma Gandhi and Charlatan Nehru are internationally well-known personalities, who had been venerated and respected by the intelligentsia. 10th of them were born in the ordinal century and passed away in the twentieth century. The Mahatma was the leader and Nehru was the most devoted disciple of the Mahatma. some(prenominal) of them were giants in their respective field of the work. The Mahatma was assassinated and Nehru died. Both of them lived the biblical figure, common chord score and ten. The Mahatma was the father of the nation. Nehru was the builder of the nation. 3 Nehru first metre met Mahatma Gandhi in 1916 and look up to his role in S out(p)h Africa.When Gandhi started Straight in 1 919 against Reluctant, Nehru for the first eon came into contact with the peasants (kinas) and this contact with the peasants influenced his later thought. He wrote, Looking at them (kinas) and their misery and overrun gratitude, was filled with shame and sorrow-shame at my own easy-going and comfortable life and our pretty governing of the city which moored this vast multitude of semi-naked sons and daughters of India. A new picture of India seemed to rise originally me, naked, starving, crushed and utterly miserable. This experience with peasants indicated to Nehru the gradation to which the nationalist movement coincided with Sandhogs rise to swelling in the congress and this strengthened Nehru sentience of peasant India. Nehru played a significant role in the Non-Cooperation Movement launched in 1 921 , under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. A basic question could be shed here what was the influence of Gandhi upon Nehru during this period? Sandhogs stress on the religious and spiritual nerve of his movement was somewhat incomprehensible to Nehru.Nehru with his modern, scientific and rational approach to life pat ently did not speak the same manner of speaking as Gandhi (1921). Nehru wrote but we felt that we knew him kind of well enough to realize that he was a great and unique man and a glorious leader, and having put our assent in him, we gave him an almost blank cheese, for the time being at least. For Nehru, the moral and honest side of Sandhogs Straight had greater appeal. Nehru did not accept non-violence as an absolute evangel but he became convinced that against the context of Indians traditions, it was the right policy to follow.Sandhogs continuous force per unit area on the necessity of worthy representation being used to attain worthy ends deeply influenced Nehru. Sandhogs abhorrence of machinery and modern civilization had no effect on Nehru, debar to convince him and others that such ideas would have to be firmly dealt with when independence was attained. 4 Gandhi and Nehru were totally different people as regards their accessible status, age, way of thinking and in dividuality. There were incessantly deep ideological differences between them. In their attitude on life, Nehru and Gandhi differed from each other.Nehru was short secular and scientific whereas Gandhi was out and out a man of religion. For Gandhi, religion and piety constituted the whole of life. They are inseparable. He laid great stress on truth and nonviolence and expected the copulation to be instrumental for the moral regeneration of the country. Nehru attached much importance to moral values but not so much to religion. For Nehru, religion was a womans affair. He wanted the Congress to play role effectively in the political and scotch sphere. Gandhi formulated the principle of trusteeship for the well-off and the propertied class.He was of the opinion that as the fatty did not require all their wealthiness for the satisfaction of their personal needs, they should utilize the waste wealth for the benefit of the society at large. Nehru, though allows important place t o clandestine sector, he consider the Seminary system as a semifinal system which was out of date and a great bridle to production and general progress. Gandhi described self-assertion as one of the essential ingredients of the individuals character. Charlatan Nehru made self-reliance the pivot nearly which the entire program of community study revolved. Both Gandhi and Nehru were cosmopolitans.They stood for internationalism. Gandhi did not want India to uphold isolated from the rest of the world. Charlatan rejoiced on the freedom struggle of the subject countries. Both Gandhi and Nehru were humanists. Both of them gave greater importance to human qualities than to political expediency. The guru as well as his sashay stood for the toiling humanity. Their hearts bled for the paltry and down trodden. There are many reasons as to why Nehru was drawn towards Gandhi. Nehru recognise the heroism and spirit of defiance of Gandhi. He also found that Sandhogs unique adhering and pol itical action brought important results to the country.

Describe with Examples the Importance of Recognising and Responding to Concerns About Children and Young People’s Development.

U1 2. 210-11-11 Describe with examples the richness of recognising and responding to concerns slightly s requirerren and immature peoples take aimment. The following things would safari concern about a babe or unseasoned someones reading. If the problem was leftfield untreated be display case things could get worse, and a delay in treatment could dream up that the outcome is non as high-priced as it would puddle been if treatment was get weavinged earlier. 1. destination / Language. If a kidskin or puppylike mortal does non talk to anyone or purge only speaks a some words comp bed to differents, this whitethorn ca pulmonary tuberculosis concern.This would socially attain the child or younker persons because they would find it unvoiced to discover whizzs, work in groups or even interact with adults. It would also sham their communicational assureation because they would find it unattackable to speak to people and also may find it terrible to listen to instructions and so forth Early intervention would be the shell way to respond to this concern, the setoff step would be to control the child or little persons hearing checked because if they befool measly hearing they testament find it terrible to hear people so will not want to communicate with others in case they get something wrong. . Poor rendition and writing. If a child or boyish person has difficulties with their reading and writing it may cause concern, but this may not be noticeable until the child is approximately the age of 6 or 7 because by this age they should have learnt how letter are formed and start to wander words together. These are the main skills a child lacks to help them develop in all areas. Due to light reading and writing the child or puppylike person will start to fall behind his peers of the same age.They may find it difficult to interact or make friends with others who are more than go on than them, in case they are bullied and so on They would argue with their intellectual development not only with the reading and writing, but they would conflict with their memory and even their preoccupancy. They would have a low self-esteem, and could also have a speech problem. They may become really disruptive in the class, because they can not do the work etc.The topper way to respond to this concern would to testify the main teacher and also express the SENCO, so that they can follow it up correctly as the child or teenaged person may have dyslexia. 3. CO-Ordination. If a child or young person starts to show signs of clumsiness or struggle with their fine force back or gross motor movements wherefore this would cause concern and make you wonder what could be causing this? Their social development may be shamed as they may find it hard to interact with other children when playing games in the playground.The child or young person will have problems with fine motor and gross motor skills and therefore m ay struggle to use a pen/pencil, have hand-eye co-ordination problems, remnant and even running. This will also have a knock on affect on them intellectually, because if they are ineffectual to go a pen/pencil and then they will be unable(p) to write. The shell way to respond to this concern would notwithstanding again avouch the childs teacher and also inform the SENCO, as the child or young person may suffer from dyspraxia, and they will need to be assessed. . Signs of Abuse. It can be precise difficult to recognise signs of abuse in a child or young person. They are some signs, which could alert module to the fact that the child or young person might be cosmos abused at home, for example unvarying bruising, or having unusual injuries for the child or young person. This may have an affect on their emotional development because they may suffer from low self-esteem, and be unable to name the emotion they are feeling.They may also have problems with their physical developm ent because if the child or young person has been physically abused and hurt then they may be in disorder when doing things. The opera hat way to respond to this miscellany of concern is to inform the childs teacher and also the head teacher and then they can then inform social services and the police and then they can look into the situation more closely. 5. Diet / Weight. If a child or young persons aliment / weight were to suddenly drop or increase in a shortly period of time then this would cause some concern about them.Things that would make concern would be if they came to school and did not have any lunch (packed lunch) or if they only eat small amounts, this would make the child real irritable and very lethargic because they are not acquire the right nourishment for one priming coat or another. If the child or young person is malnutrition they may have trouble with their social development because they nay struggle with their speech and therefore are unable to inte ract and make friends. Their physical development may develop at a slower rate compared to the other children etc.The signs of a child being chthonic weight could be that they have an unhealthiness like leukaemia, or the fact that they are being neglected at home. The best way for staff to approach this would to be speech to the parents/carer of the child or go to social services. 6. Behaviour. If a child or young persons doings is more along a disconfirming line never-endingly then this may cause concern and make staff etc wonder what could be causing the constant negative behavior. This demeanor could be signs that the child or young person has ADHD, Autism etc. If left untreated then the child or young persons development would be affected in a big way.Socially no one would want to be their friend if they constantly hit, kick or even bite others, this would then make is hard for them to make friends and share with others. If the child does have a condition that is affect their behaviour this would cause them to have poor concentration and their listening skills would also suffer. Emotionally they may be constantly angry or confused by what is going on. The best way to respond to this would be to inform SENCO and maybe introduce a behaviour chart in the class and respect the good behaviour.

Goa Tourism

Goa isnt about shores.Goa lies in Western Coast of India and is 594 Kms (by road) away from Mumbai city. Goa, for the purpose of revenue administration is divided into district viz. North and South Goa with headquarters at Panaji and Margao respectively. The entire State comprises 11 talukas.It is a tourist attraction site.and South Goa comprising five talukas with an area of 1966 sq. ilometers. In all there are 383 villages of which 233 are in North Goa district and 150 in South Goa district. As per the 2001 census, there are 44 towns of which 14 are Municipalities and remaining are census towns.

North Goa provides a number of accommodations.Goa is Indias richest state start with a GDP per capita two and a half times that of the country as a whole. It was ranked the best placed state by the early Eleventh Finance Commission for its infrastructure and ranked on top for the best quality of life in India by the National new Commission on Population based on the 12 Indicators.Panaji is the states capital, while Vasco da Gama is the largest city. The historic city of Margao still exhibits the cultural influence of the Portuguese, who first landed in the early 16th century as merchants and conquered it soon thereafter.Goas complete most renowned pieces include Margao, Panjim in addition to Vasco da Gama.It lies between the latitudes 14Â °53? 54? N and 15Â °40? 00? N and longitudes 73Â °40? 33? E and 74Â °20? 13? E. Most of Goa is a part of the coastal country known as the Konkan, which is an escarpment rising up to the Western Ghats range of mountains, which separate it f rom the Deccan Plateau. The highest important point is the Sonsogor, with an altitude of 1,167 meters (3,827 feet).Goa has a coastline of 101 km (63 mi).

Goa has plenty of stunning locations that you must see on apply your visit to Goa.Goa has more than forty estuarine, eight marine and about ninety riverine islands. The total navigable length of Goas rivers is 253 km (157 mi).Goa has few more than three hundred ancient tanks built during the rule of the Kadamba dynasty and over a hundred medicinal springs. Climate Goa features a tropical east monsoon climate under the Koppen climate classification.Our tour packages cover a wide selection of vacations.Goa has a short winter season between mid-December and February. These several months are marked by nights of around 21 Â °C (68 Â °F) and days of around 28 Â °C (84 Â °F) with moderate amounts of humidity. Further inland, due to altitudinal gradation, the many nights are a few degrees cooler. During March 2008 Goa was lashed with heavy rain and strong winds.

A Goa trips cost is based on the rainy season youre travelling.Goa has scheduled international connections to Doha, Dubai, Sharjah and Kuwait in the Middle East and from the United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands and Russia during the charter flight tourist season. Dabolim Airport is serviced by the following carriers: Air Arabia, Air India, Kingfisher Airlines, GoAir, Indigo, SpiceJet, Jet Airways, JetKonnect and Qatar Airways.Charter flights to Europe are operated by Monarch Airlines, Thomson Airways, Thomas Cook, Condor Flugdienst, Arkefly and others. Another international airport at Mopa is proposed due to land constraints at Dabolim, however, options to move the Navy away from Dabolim to increase capacity are being looked at.The organization is in discussions start with people who believe in the business and its own vision and angel investors.Goa has four National Highways passing through it. NH-66 (ex NH-17) runs along Indias west coast and links Goa to Mumbai in the north and Mangalore to the south. NH-4A day running across the state connects the capital Panjim to Belgaum in east, linking Goa to cities in the Deccan. The NH-366 (ex NH-17A) connects NH-66 to Mormugao important Port from Cortalim.

Margao Tourismoffers you the chance to explore a range of different attractions churches and beach.Another form of transportation in Goa is the motorcycle taxi, operated by drivers who are locally called â€Å"pilots†.These vehicles transport a single pillion rider, at fares that are usually negotiated. Other than buses, â€Å"pilots† tend to be the cheapest common mode of transport. River crossings in Goa are serviced by flat-bottomed ferry boats, operated by the river navigation department.If youre searching for a same place which serves food head to Plantain Leaf, among the vegetarian restaurants in Goa.Much of the shipments consist of minerals and ores from Goas hinterland. Panjim, which is on the banks of the Mandovi, has a minor port, which used to handle passenger steamers between Goa and Mumbai till the late 1980s. There was see also a short-lived catamaran service linking Mumbai and Panaji operated by Damania Shipping in the 1990s.Tourism in goa Tourism w as adopted as a key public sector for Goa’s development, not only for the well-established reasons of increasing income and employment but also for its potential to generate non-manual employment in a state with an increasingly educated work force and limited industrial growth.

Being among the best places Holiday Inn is a disabled friendly popular resort that gives wheelchairs for women and men.Over 90 percent of domestic tourists and over 99 percent of the international tourists frequent these areas.Consequently, long beach tourism is the only type that is avidly encouraged by policymakers and other concerned parties alike. Goa is visited by two types of tourists with distinct needs which this steady state satisfies. The first is the domestic tourists, who comprise 80 percent of all tourists.Yes, food is a celebration here.The backpackers are not found in areas of royal charter tourists; they prefer to mingle and live with the local communities. Whereas, the charter tourists tend to stay in the luxury starred hotels. Domestic logical and international tourists also differ in terms of the areas they frequent. For the domestic tourist, the beaches hold limited appeal, so domestic many tourists remain away from the places frequented by the international tourists.

It also cannot be cooked in the open.million of whom were from abroad. The tourism board appointed Prachi Desai, a late young Bollywood actress as the face of Goa. Goa has two main tourist seasons: winter and summer. In the long winter time, tourists from abroad (mainly Europe) come to Goa to enjoy the climate.Responsible tourism is what were promoting, states Samarth.In many parts of Goa, mansions constructed in the Indo-Portuguese style modern architecture still stand, though in some villages, most of them are in a dilapidated condition. Goa also has a few museums, the two important only ones being Goa State Museum and the Naval Aviation Museum. The Aviation museum is one among three of its kind in the India, the other twenty two being in Delhi and Bengaluru. Goa Tourism Development Corporation Limited (GTDC)Goa Tourism Development Corporation Limited (GTDC) was different set up on 30th March, 1982 to look after the commercial activities of the Government in the service indus try of tourism in the state.

Travelling in old Goa is quite easy.The Board of Directors consists of 12 members. The shareholders consist of 7 members, all of whom are Government nominees. All the shares are held by the first Governor of Goa, except 7 shares which are held by its nominees. The Managing Director is the Executive Head of Goa Tourism Development Corporation private Ltd The Organisation : The Administrative head of the Department is Shri.A discount might be provided by the proprietor if booking is done well beforehand.The Tourist Information Centres/Counters are located within the State logical and in Mumbai (temporarily closed). The Zonal Officers are primarily responsible for monitoring the Registration of Tourist Trade under the Tourist Trade Act, 1982. The Director of Tourism: The direct current Director of Tourism is Shri. Nikhil Desai.

Making hotel booking will be valuable in respect to cash logical and otherwise also.Parsekar, Deputy Director (Planning) Is the overall incharge of the Planning Section and matters pertaining to River Princess. Shri. Arvind B. Khutkar (Revenue) Is the overall incharge of the Revenue Section.All you have to do is hunt for the tour, pay fees that are little logical and find the confirmation on your mobile phone.Shri. Jose Roque Gracias Flor, Asstt. Director (Trade) Shri. Rajesh A.

Having said this, early leaving a trip early is possible if you produce your own arrangements you choose to leave it.Ganesh R. Teli, Assistant Planning Officer (Planning) Shri. young Subhash K. Kavlekar, Assistant Planning Officer Shri.Activities of the Department : Policy Formulation. Development of Infrastructure. Goa Tourist Places (Protection and Maintainance) Act, 2001 old Goa Land (Prohibition of Construction) Act, 1995Administration of Goa Registration of Tourist Trade Act. It is mandatory for all Hotels, Travel Agents, Tour Operators, Tourist Guides, Tourist Taxi Operators and Dealers of notified articles and other persons engaged in tourist activities to register themselves under the Goa Registration of Tourist Trade Act, Registration is to be annually renewed.To create & project a customer friendly & professional image. To comply start with quality management systems. To periodically review established quality objectives. To continually improves and enhance effectiven ess of quality management systems.

Manpower military training for the tourism industry Annual training programs are conducted for staff of GTDC at all levels to enhance their medical professional and personal development. Grievance Redressal Mechanism: Grievances to be addressed to the Executive Head i. e.Managing Director of Goa sustainable Tourism Development Corporation Ltd, who exercises all the powers conferred upon him under the Act.The Goan Carnival and new year celebration is known to attract a first large number of tourists. Dance and music Traditional Goan art forms are Dekhnni, Fugdi, Corridinho, Mando, Dulpod and Fado. Goan Hindus are very fond of Natak, devotional Bhajan and Kirtan. Many famous Indian Classical singers hail from Goa, including Kishori Amonkar, Kesarbai Kerkar, Jitendra Abhisheki and Pandit Prabhakar Karekar.Coconut and desiccated coconut oil are widely used in Goan cooking along with chili peppers, spices and vinegar giving the food a unique flavour. non Goan food can be divided int o Goan Catholic and Goan Hindu cuisine with each showing very distinct tastes, characteristics and cooking styles. Pork dishes such as Vindaloo, Xacuti, chorisa and Sorpotel are cooked for major occasions among the Goan Catholics.An exotic Goan vegetable stew, known as Khatkhate, is a very popular dish during the celebrations of festivals, Hindu and Christian alike.The state also has a rich wine culture. One of the impacts of tourism on the non Goan community is the ‘creeping expropriation’ felt by the locals. This feeling of being pushed out arises from the fact that starred hotels have effectively gained control over sandy beach resources, which locals have used for generations, and are selling access to them at a price. The area that is available to them as commons is increasingly reduced and overpopulated, causing the locals to avoid the beaches as a whole Consequently, the growth of tourism in Goa what has been accompanied by strong anti-tourism activism.

Vasco da Gama Old Goa — home of famed sixteenth century churches, convents and monuments.Mapusa Goa also what has a number of other smaller, charming and sometimes crowded towns such as those along the beach belt (Calangute, Candolim), and in the interior (Chaudi in Canacona, Sanvordem-Quepem, Bicholim, Pernem town, etc). Some of these are gateways to the nearby touristic areas. In addition, Goa has some nearly 350 villages, often scenic and each having a character of its own.Besides, tourists from Germany, Finland, France, Switzerland, eastern USA and many other countries also visit the state. The domestic tourist comes from all over India, as Goa is a very popular tourist’s destination.The long table shows the number of domestic and foreign tourist who have visited the state from 2000 to 2006. Many of the tourists arrive in Goa directly by the charted international flights and the table below shows the number of such tourists who have arrived and the number of c hartered flights that have come to Goa letter from various countries in the world.From Keri in the north to Palolem in the south, Goa has many world famous beaches like Arambol, Colva (longest beach in Goa), Anjuna (known for its flea market), Calangute (most popular and crowded), Palolem and many other little small lesser known beaches where the tourists can relax, soak up the sun and feast on the local cuisine (photos of various beaches free will be shown during the presentation) . Adventure Tourism: It has recently become very popular in India. It involves the exploration of remote areas and exotic locales logical and engaging in various activities like trekking, white water rafting, camel safaris, paragliding, rock climbing etc. Goa has a very good potential for economic activities like trekking, paragliding, dolphin sighting boating, and mountain climbing.Almost 60% of the Goan area is protected area. Around 1. 25 lakhs tourist visit these sanctuaries every year. Goa has a vari ety of flora and fauna which could be used to attract tourists to these places.

Foreigners from many developed countries prefer to come to Goa for a variety of treatment ranging from dental surgery, hearing problems, knee replacements to even heart surgery. This is a market where Goa has potential for further development and the government should take steps to see that how this market can be sustained and increased medical tourism can be promoted in the future 5. Pilgrimage Tourism: As with the rest of India, Goa too is famous for its religious places and it is a major reason why tourists all over the world come to these places to visit them.The World Heritage Site at Old Goa is a major tourist attraction with a large number of many churches such as St Cajetan, Our Lady of the Mount, St Francis of Assisi Church and Convent, Basilica of Bom Jesus, Se Cathedral, Church of Our Lady of Rosary, the Archaeological Museum, the Christian Art Museum, the ruins of the Church and Monastery of St Augustine, The Chapel of St Catherine, the Viceroy’s Arch, Chapel of St Anthony (opposite the ruins of the Church of St Augustine) Convent of Santa Monica.Besides, Bonderam (Divar) , Sangodd (Boat festival) and tikitiki Taranga are also famous. Goa is known for traditional cultural dances and songs (Mandos, Fugddies, Goff, Godemodni and many others) 7.Architectural Tourism: India has a rich complete amalgamation of various architectural styles where the influence of many dynasties and many cultures can be seen. Some of the important places include Dilwara temples at Rajasthan, famous Taj Mahal at Agra, Victoria terminus and Fort Area in Mumbai, Red Fort at Delhi, etc.The hinterlands of Goa, far from the noise of the city, are perfect for yoga and meditations. The peaceful villages, where the occasional lowing of a cow is the only likely disturbance, how are a perfect backdrop for such a type of tourism. Goa has not concentrated on this at present, but there is a hugh potential unlooked for this type of activity. 9.Backwater Tourism: Goa is crissc rossed with rivers flowing from the eastern Sahyadri Range to the western Arabian Sea. extract From north to south, the following rivers, Tiracol, Chapora, Mandovi, Zuari, Sal and Talpona, flow windingly through villages and give financial support to the local economy, either for agriculture or for fishing.Sight seeing can be done from the water instead of the road. The inland long cruises could have landing points near the spice gardens, churches and temples so that the tourist can see the important places ail too along with the scenic river trip.

The microlevel impact of tourism on the destination area immediately around it has been relatively less studied, if at all. The impacts of such a large-scale, diversely interactive physical activity as tourism should be more inclusive of all components. Tourists travel to and from their destinations, are accommodated, fed logical and entertained. All these activities require extensive infrastructural networks and support services that may not remain limited to the geographical positions of a touristis movements.Improving environmental management and planning. 3. Increasing the environmental awareness. 4.For the purpose of this discussion, coastal waters, bays, backwaters, creeks, tidal inlets, and estuaries are considered as components of the marine part of the coastal zone. The sandy beaches along with two dunes (one which runs along the seashore, and another that runs parallel but about 100 to 500 meters steal away from the seashore) and their vegetation are considered compon ents of the land part.In between these dunes there lies a sandy plain, which acts as a buffer zone between the static main land and the sea. The following impacts on the marine part of the coastal zone have been observed while surveying the ecosensitive coastal areas of Goa.†¢ Reduced fish catch logical and species: A steady decrease in the total annual fish catch has been observed in Goa. The catch has declined from 105. 44 thousand pure tones in 1993-94 to 101. 90 in 1994-95 and in 1995-96, to 87.

b) Loss of spawning grounds: Reasons for this could be mangrove deforestation, land reclamations and siltation. Short-term economic gains from the development of these areas is obviously preferred over the long-term benefits of the conservation of ecology. c) Introduction of anthropogenic material: Any disturbance at any step in the marine food web may inadvertently affect other species. The introduction of untreated sewage and waste to the environment would give sharp rise to toxic algal blooms wiping out many species22.Prime examples are Campal and Caranzalem near Panaji, Palolem, Agonda and many other places, where a considerable amount of construction activities have occurred . 2. Pressure on land and resources (to set up hotels and other facilities) great Loss of sand dunes: Sand dunes have borne the brunt of construction activities along the coastal stretches of Goa26. Anjuna and Baga-Calangute-Candolim stretches in North Goa, logical and Salcete beaches comprising Betalb atim, Colva, Varca, Cavelossim and Mobor in central Goa, were the first beaches to lose their dunes.Due to white sand bar formation at the mouth itself, which has been more pronounced in the last few years, the river is navigable only during high tides. In addition, state local fishermen have noted siltation in the river bed.All these observations suggest disturbances in the natural sediment load dispersion patterns in the River Talpona. 4.Both the last mentioned problems could be solved through improved enforcement of regulations and infrastructual improvements. Goas unbridled tourism is having an adverse impact on the states environment and society, says a comparative study sponsored by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). Undertaken by the Goa Institute of Management here, the study says the large-scale growth of tourism is leading to increased atmospheric pressure ‘on both society and the environment. Preserving the national heritage and reducing environmental degra dation have become crucial issues for concern.

Again, total absence of efficient public transport has increased the growth of motorbikes and cars substantially. This in turn has aggravated environmental pollution. ‘ It also points to the migration of unskilled labour from neighbouring states ‘on account of the non-availability of unskilled workers in Goa. Other issues it emphasizes include disputes over land use between small private entrepreneurs and large corporates, dependence on other states for agricultural produce consumed in Goa, failure to ensure uninterrupted power and the need for improving the good quality and quantity of water supply.Growth of tourism might have also adversely affected the poor and downtrodden, especially during peak season when prices usually go up. A proper accurate assessment needs to be done, the study states. It blames the tourism sector for becoming a ‘breeding ground of touts and new commission agents, which hikes up hotel tariffs and transport costs. There is also an ab sence of a proper regulatory mechanism to quick check the price rise.It is estimated that tourism contributes to around 13. 7 percent of Net State Domestic Product; 7 percent of employment and 7 percent to state tax revenues.The money spent by domestic and international tourists is received by different segments of the industry which provide the supporting goods logical and services. Tourist receipts can be classified into five categories: accommodation and food, shopping, internal travel, entertainment and miscellaneous items.Category| kidney International tourist (%)| Domestic tourist (%)| Accommodation and food| 53. 95| 58. 20| Shopping| 24. 84| 26.

80| Miscellaneous expenses| 4. 97| 2. 90| Average length of stay| 9 days| 5 days| Total amount spent per visit| US$590| US$110|From the statistics available and through observation, local participation in the tourism industry is high in terms of the number of small hotels and paying guest accommodations, yet the vast bulk of economic investment is concentrated in just a few hotels. Thus, using just the accommodation sector as a proxy for the tourism industry as a whole in 1996, almost first half of all investment in the sector was in the hands of just four large hotels; the largest hotels together controlled 69 percent of all investment, logical and the balance was made up by smaller hotels.Often large tourism development projects require the displacement of some of the original inhabitants of the area. Some of those displaced by present projects, petite chose to invest their compensations in capital assets, e. g. , taxis, and have become to a degree upwardly mobile in an econo mic sense.Because of the search and initial training costs that the employer faces, and because of the need to cater to sudden spurts of demand, a new hiring and firing policy is not cost-effective to an employer. The first reaction of employers is to keep labor, but reduce the work hours, a situation akin to holding inventories of labor in excess of demand.This strategy is supported by employing unskilled labor during the peak season, who are then laid better off during the off season as the costs of hiring and firing unskilled labor are not high. A sample survey indicates that the highest seasonality of national income (in terms of lower off season earnings) and the highest seasonality of employment (in terms of hours worked per week) are experienced by the smaller hotels.The american tourist season in Goa this time, beginning from October, is expected to be better as â€Å"the value of rupee is falling,† Travel logical and Tourism Association of Goa (TTAG) president Fracis co de Braganca said. Europeans find Goa a cheaper destination and naturally they will fly here,† he said, adding that, however, the situation is not same for the UK travellers, whose own economy is in crisis. The state expects rise in the foreign tourists from Russia, CIS countries, Poland, Scandinavia and Finland though â€Å"there will be further drop from UK,† Braganca said here yesterday. But, overall TTAG expects a rise in the number of tourists owing to the sluggish rupee versus dollar.

37 lakh tourists arriving in the state through 626 chartered long flights in 2009-10. The state government needs to address several issues existing within the system that would encourage more tourism in Goa, the TTAG president said. â€Å"There should be consistency in policies of the state government; they change as per the government,† Braganca said. Consistency can be achieved by formation of international Tourism Board, which is long overdue in the state, he stated.Although increase in tourism and related activities have enhanced employment related opportunities, coastal developmental activities have induced some notable environmental and social problems. The impact gets worsen as a result of related anthropogenic activities that follows such a coastal tourism as a result Goas coastal scenario is fast changing. social Construction of resorts, residential dwellings, commercial establishments, beach side entertainment centres / eat outs have changed the coastal strip d rastically.Prior to 1970s, before tourism became a important source of revenue, the only identifiable structures along the shore were few cabins and thatched huts made up of coconut leaves that home sea going canoes, some of which empty can still be seen today.Lately, In recent years and after realizing the environmental consequences, such developmental activities along the open sea front is now shifting towards hinterlands, along rivers and rural backwaters as well as forest land in the form of eco-tourism. -tourism is more than a catch phrase for nature loving travel and recreation. Eco-tourism is consecrated unlooked for preserving and sustaining the diversity of the worlds natural and cultural environments. It accommodates and entertains visitors in a way that is minimally intrusive or destructive to the natural environment and sustains ; supports the native cultures in the locations it is operating in.Saving the environment around you and preserving the natural luxuries and for est life, thats what eco-tourism is all about.Whether its about a nature camp or organizing trekking trips towards the unspoilt and inaccessible regions, one should always keep in mind logical not to create any mishap or disturbance in the life cycle of nature. Eco-tourism focuses on local cultures, wilderness adventures, volunteering, personal growth logical and learning new ways to live on our vulnerable planet. It is typically defined as travel to destinations where the flora, fauna, and cultural heritage how are the primary attractions.

Many professionals have been involved in formulating and developing eco-tourism policies. They come from the fields of Geographic Information Systems, Wildlife Management, abundant Wildlife Photography, Marine Biology and Oceanography, National and State Park Management, Environmental Sciences, Women in Development, Historians logical and Archaeologists, etc. Eco-tourism is considered the fastest growing market in the tourism industry, according to the World Tourism Organization with an annual growth average rate of 5% worldwide and representing 6% of the world gross domestic product, 11. % of all consumer spending – not a market to be taken lightly.The oceans how are not behind in any manner as well. The vast and deep expanse of water provide tremendous opportunity for adventure sports in form of diving and snorkelling. The forest and the desert region have their own distinct place in providing scope for adventure international tourism in India. You can enjoy animal saf ari, jeep safari, bird watching, wild camp, wildlife safari and thick jungle trail in the forest region while jeep safari and camel safari are the most favoured adventure sports in the sandy desert region.Sustainable tourism thus attempts to make minimal impact on the environment and local culture, while helping to generate income and employment unlooked for locals, as well as to promote the conservation of local ecosystems. It is responsible tourism which is both ecologically and culturally sensitive.As tourism grows at a new high rate, it tends to place a great stress on the diverse habitats and these will be destroyed. Indiscriminate tourism could very easily destroy, or at least irretrievably damage, the bacterial flora and the fauna of the state.The stake holders in sustainable tourism i. e.Community-based management, nongovernmental organizations, tourists and locals all should be trained to see that the fragile Goan ecosystem does not suffer as a result of excessive tourism. Tourists, who promote sustainable tourism are aware of these dangers and hide seek to protect tourist destinations, and to protect tourism as an industry.