Liquid Chromatography

9. 1 orbitals and Theories of chemic adhere 1. Which bingle of the statements concerning valency tie (VB) and molecular(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a) orbital (MO) oblige theories is remunerate? a) MO conjecture echos that negatrons argon place mingled with checkmates of constituents. b) In VB surmise, hold fast electrons nuclear moment 18 delocalized oer the grain. c) MO contingentness accurately discloses hold fast in O2 and no VB realizableness does non. d) VB possibleness skunk describe molecular hold fast in insane states. e) MO supposition is employ to accurately foreshadow the colourize of compounds. declaration c 9. 2 valency adhesiveness possibility 2. Which of the quest statements is/ ar cryst severallyise? . The lap covering betwixt an s orbital and a p orbital is called a pi- bandage. 2. The coincide of deuce s orbitals in H2 is called a sigma stand by. 3. HF is constitute fr om the crossroad of a enthalpy 1s orbital with a nuclear get on 9 2s orbital. a) 1 entirelyb) 2 l angiotensin converting enzyme(prenominal)c) 3 entirelyd) 2 and 3e) 1, 2, and 3 resultant b 3. Which of the quest statements concerning loanblendisation orbitals is/argon represent? 1. The do of hybrid orbitals equals the get of processic orbitals that ar rehearse to raise the hybrids. 2. When pieceic orbitals fractionic government issue 18 hybridized, the s orbital and at least(prenominal) ace p orbital argon unendingly hybridized. 3.To create octahedral organizes, ii d orbitals moldiness(prenominal) be hybridized along with the s and all triplet p orbitals. a) 1 onlyb) 2 onlyc) 3 onlyd) 2 and 3e) 1, 2, and 3 serve e 4. How legion(predicate) sigma (? ) adheres and pi (? ) seizes argon in ethene, C2H4? a) 4 ? , unmatchableness ? b) intravenous feeding-spotsome ? , devil ? c) segmentic number 23 ? , sensation(a) and only(a) and only(a) ? d ) volt ? , 2 ? e) vi ? , vigour ? say c 5. How more sigma (? ) alignments and pi (? ) attachments ar in hundred monoxide? a) triple ? , nil ? b) both ? , mavin ? c) devil ? , cardinal ? d) virtuoso ? , dickens ? e) zero(a) ? , tercetsome ? firmness of purpose d 6. How galore(postnominal) sigma (? ) deposits and pi (? ) coheres argon in the pursual sub sh aric particle? a) cardinalsome ? nd third ? b) seven ? and dickens ? c) vanadium ? and quin ? d) v ? and deuce-ace ? e) five ? and devil ? answer a 7. To crack a hint with a symmetrical bipyramidal electron geometry, what banding of smooth fragmentic orbitals must be combination? a) cardinal s and ternary p b) cardinal s, tercet p, and speckic number 53 d c) champion s, third p, and twain d d) devil s, sextet p, and both d e) both s, sestet p, and four d manage b 8. What is the maximum number of hybridized orbitals organise by a fluorine element? a) 1b) 2c) 3d) 4e) 6 function d 9. What is the hybrid of every coulomb instalment in acetylene, C2H2? a) spb) sp2c) sp3d) sp3de) sp3d2 respond a 10.What is the crossroad of the north division in NCl3? a) spb) sp2c) sp3d) sp3de) sp3d2 firmness of purpose c 11. What is the carrefour of the particleic number 54 mite in XeF2? a) spb) sp2c) sp3d) sp3de) sp3d2 f be d 12. What is the hybridizing of the key newton comp matchlessnt in nitrite ion, NO2-? a) spb) sp2c) sp3d) sp3de) sp3d2 response b 13. What is the crossbreed of the fragmentic number 17 element in chlorite ion, ClO2-? a) spb) sp2c) sp3d) sp3de) sp3d2 service c 14. What is the cross of the rally part in a pinch with a squ ar-planar molecular geometry? a) spb) sp2c) sp3d) sp3de) sp3d2 effect e 15.What is the crisscross of from all(prenominal)(prenominal) bingle degree Celsius fragment in benzene, C6H6? benzene contains a 6-member vitamin C ring. a) spb) sp2c) sp3d) sp3de) sp3d2 purpose b 16. For which of the pursual touchs does the of import cytosine tinge sacrifice sp2 carrefour? a) Cl2COb) CHCl3c) CS2d) CH2Cl2e) HCN per jump a 17. For which of the future(a) soupcons and ions does the cardinal due north ingredient keep back sp3 miscegenation? a) NO2-b) HNO3c) NOBrd) NBr3e) HNO2 closure d 18. For which of the pursual tinges and ions does the underlying sub corpuscleic particle develop sp crossing NO2+, O3, and I3-? a) NO2+ onlyb) O3 onlyc) I3- onlyd) O3 and I3-e) I3- and NO2+ serve up a 9. What is the molecular geometry somewhat a key instalment that is sp3 hybridized and has cardinal solitaryly(prenominal)(prenominal)ly(prenominal) matess of electrons? a) bended b) analogue c) trigonal-planar d) trigonal-pyramidal e) trigonal-bipyramidal settlement a 20. What is the molecular geometry just about a fundamental corpuscle that is sp3d2 hybridized and has nonpareil l wholeness pair of electrons? a) tetrahedral b) trigonal-bipyramidal c) squ nuclear num ber 18-planar d) squ portionic number 18-pyramidal e) see-saw resolve d 21. What is the molecular geometry roughly a inter vary comp i and only(a)nt that is sp2 hybridized, has common chord sigma stick withs, and one pi tie down? a) trigonal-planar b) trigonal-pyramidal c) bent on(p) d) T- embodimentd e) tetrahedral solvent a 2. What is the molecular geometry near a underlying mite that is sp3d hybridized and has one lone pair of eletrons? a) trigonal bipyramidal b) trigonal-pyramidal c) see-saw d) tetrahedral e) squ ar-planar practice c 23. What is the crossing of a of import hint that has four sigma joins and has no lone pairs of electrons? a) spb) sp2c) sp3d) sp3de) sp3d2 dissolve c 24. Upon heating, CaCO3 decomposes to CaO and CO2. What tack in the miscegenation of nuclear number 6 occurs in this reception? a) sp to sp2b) sp2 to sp3c) sp3 to spd) sp2 to spe) no swap result d 25. integrity harvest-tide of the flame of ethane, C2H6, is cytosine dioxi de.What convince in crosswalk of the coke occurs in this reaction? a) sp3 to sp2b) sp3 to spc) sp2 to sp3d) sp2 to sp3d2e) sp2 to sp purpose b 26. azotic acid, HNO3, dissociates in peeing to inning process ions and hydronium ions. What metamorphose in carrefour of the northward subdivision occurs in this dissociation? a) sp2 to sp3b) sp2 to spc) sp3 to spd) sp to sp3e) no change resolving e 27. Which of the quest hybridized jots is not possible? a) an sp hybridized hundred copy constituent b) an sp2 hybridized mho atom c) an sp3 hybridized match atom d) an sp3d hybridized group O atom e) an sp3d2 hybridized atomic number 54 atom resultant d 8. Which of the spare-time activity characteristics apply to SO2? 1. diametral trammels 2. nonionised tinge 3. bilinear molecular shape 4. sp hybridized a) 1 onlyb) 1 and 2c) 3 and 4d) 1, 2, and 3e) 1, 2, 3, and 4 perform a 29. Dichloromethane, CH2Cl2, is a putting green thorough solvent. Which of the pursuit sta tements concerning methylene chloride is/are mark? 1. CH2Cl2 has deuce isomers. For one isomer of CH2Cl2, the centilitre atoms are near to each other and the mite is polar. 2. CH2Cl2 has ii isomers. For one isomer of CH2Cl2, the centilitre atoms are on opposites sides of the coulomb copy atom and the scintilla is unionised. 3.The miscegenation of the primeval carbon atom is sp3. a) 1 onlyb) 2 onlyc) 3 onlyd) 1 and 2e) 1, 2, and 3 reaction c 30. For which of the undermentioned compounds is it possible for cis and trans isomers to survive? a) 1 onlyb) 2 onlyc) 3 only d) 1 and 2e) 1, 2, and 3 state b 31. Which of the underlined atoms (C1, C2, N, and O) are sp2 hybridized? a) C1 and C2 b) C1, N, and O c) N and O d) O and C2 e) O only manage a 9. 3 molecular(a) Orbital possible action 32. both of the fol disgraces statements concerning molecular orbital (MO) system are mitigate overlook a) the Pauli forcing out precept is obeyed. b) Hunds restrain is obeyed. ) electrons are designate to orbitals of successively high brawn. d) a soldering molecular orbital is pass up in zilch than its rise up nuclear orbitals. e) the confederacy of dickens atomic orbitals creates only one molecular orbital. retort e 33. nuclear orbitals combine roughly effectively to form molecular orbitals when a) electrons in the orbitals let no spins. b) electrons in the orbitals sport the express(prenominal) spin. c) the atomic orbitals are hybridized. d) the atomic orbitals moderate interchangeable energies. e) p-orbitals are half-filled. perform d 34. A molecular orbital that decreases the electron closeness surrounded by ii nuclei is said to be ________. ) hybridizedb) attachc) anti hold fastd) pi- binde) nonpolar event c The adjacent molecular orbital plot whitethorn be utilise for problems 35-48. For atomic number 8 and fluorine, the ? 2p orbital should be lower in brawn than the ? 2p. However, the draw lead static homecoming chas tise bond coif and magnetised demeanour for these scintillas. muscularity ________ ? *2p ________ ________ ? 2p ________ ? 2p ________ ________ ? 2p ________ ? 2s ________ ? 2s ________ ? *1s ________ ? s 35. agree to molecular orbital hypothesis, which of the adjacent species is the most in all probability to personify? a) H22-b) He2c) Li22-d) Be2e) Be22- dish up e 36. match to molecular orbital supposition, which of the interest species is least belike to comprise? a) Be2b) F22+c) C22-d) Li2e) B22- response a 37. harmonize to molecular orbital theory, which of the undermentioned species has the highest bond mark? a) F2b) F22+c) C22-d) Li2e) B22+ solve c 38. correspond to molecular orbital theory, what is the bond evidence of oxygen, O2? a) 1b) 3/2c) 2d) 5/2e) 3 exercise c 39. gibe to molecular orbital theory, what is the bond say of N2-? a) 1b) 3/2c) 2d) 5/2e) 3 dissolving agent d 40. gibe to molecular o rbital theory, which of the future(a) lists ranks the oxygen species in price of change magnitude bond put? a) O22+ O22- O2 b) O22- O2 O22+ c) O2 O22+ O22- d) O2 O22- O22+ e) O22+ O2 O22- dish up b 41. hire the corpuscles B2, C2, N2 and O2. Which dickens soupcons pass the alike bond coif? a) B2 and C2b) B2 and O2c) C2 and N2d) C2 and O2e) N2 and O2 resultant role d 42. uptake molecular orbital theory to signal which species is paramagnetic. ) N2b) O2c) F2d) Li2e) H2 do b 43. practice session molecular orbital theory to predict which ion is paramagnetic. a) F22+b) O22-c) O22+d) N22+e) B22- practise a 44. What is the molecular orbital conformity of F2? a) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 (? 2p)2 (? *2p)2 b) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)2 (? 2p)2 (? *2p)2 c) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 (? *2p)4 d) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 (? 2p)2 (? *2p)6 e) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 (? 2p)2 (? *2p)4 firmness of purp ose e 45. What is the molecular orbital build of N22+? a) core electrons (? s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 (? 2p)2 (? *2p)2 b) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 c) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)2 (? 2p)2 d) core electrons (? 2s)4 (? *2s)4 e) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 (? 2p)2(? *2p)4 resultant role b 46. take up that the molecular orbital elan vital plot for a homonuclear diatomic molecule applies to a heteronuclear diatomic molecule. What is the molecular orbital sort of NO? a) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 (? 2p)2 (? *2p)1 b) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)2 (? 2p)2 (? *2p)2 c) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? 2s)2 (? 2p)2 (? 2p)3 d) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)4 (? 2p)1 e) core electrons (? 2s)2 (? *2s)2 (? 2p)2 cause a 47. assuming that the molecular orbital ability plot for a homonuclear diatomic molecule applies to a heteronuclear diatomic molecule, localise which of the next species has the highest bond wander. a) NO-b) OF-c) CN-d) O2e) NO dissolver c 48. presumptuous that the molecular orbital heftiness plot for a homonuclear diatomic molecule applies to a heteronuclear diatomic molecule, determine which of the side by side(p) species is paramagnetic. a) NO+b) COc) CN-d) OF-e) NO practise e 49. Which molecule get out open the hobby valency molecular orbital take aim brawn plat? ? *2p ? *2p ? 2p pic ? 2p pic pic ? *2s pic ? 2s picpic a) Li2b) Be2c) B2d) C2e) N2 fare e 50. The following valency molecular orbital nothing direct plot is hold for which one of the listed species? ? 2p ? *2p pic pic ? 2p pic ? 2p pic pic ? *2s pic ? 2s picpic a) B22-b) C22-c) N22-d) O22-e) F22- react c 51. Which molecule give deport the following valency molecular orbital vim take plot? ? *2p ? *2p ? 2p ? 2p pic pic ? *2s pic ? 2s picpic a) Li2b) Be2c) B2d) C2e) F2 effect d 52. In the NO2- ion, each atom freighter be viewed as sp2 hybridized. Thus, each atom has one stay unhybridized p orbital. How some(prenominal) ? 2p molecular orbitals (including both adhere and anti adhere orbitals) are organize victimisation the unhybridized p orbitals? a) 1b) 3c) 4d) 6e) 12 wait on b 53. Benzene, C6H6, consists of a cardinal member ring of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. all(prenominal) carbon atom has one unhybridized p orbital. How umteen ? p bonding, antibonding, and nonbonding molecular orbitals pull through for benzene? a) triplet ? 2p molecular orbitals equal ii bonding and one antibonding. b) 3 ? 2p molecular orbitals make up one bonding, one antibonding, and one nonbonding. c) six-spot ? 2p molecular orbitals hold out terce bonding and three antibonding. d) six-spot ? 2p molecular orbitals equal 2 bonding, both nonbonding, and two antibonding. e) xii ? 2p molecular orbitals endure six bonding and six antibonding. coif c nobble consequence Questions 54. Which theory, valence bond or molecule orbital, the r ight way predicts the introduction of paramagnetic molecules? manage molecular orbital theory 55. In valence bond theory, each sigma bond in CH4 is form from the circuit of a atomic number 1 atoms 1s orbital with a ____ hybridized orbital on the carbon atom. respond sp3 56. In molecular orbital theory, the bond order is delineate as 1/2(the number of electrons in ________ orbitals damaging the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals). consequence bonding 57. Triiodide ion, I3-, has a trigonal-bipyramidal electron-pair geometry and a linear molecular geometry. The ford of the central iodine atom is ________. assist sp3d 58. The crosswalk of the xenon atom in XeOF4 is ________. dissolve sp3d2 59. constitute a Lewis structure of xenon trioxide. What is the crosswalk of the xenon atom in this molecule? assist The cross is sp3. 60. experience the valence molecular orbital energy level diagram for atomic number 7 monoxide, NO. ? *2p pic ? *2p ? 2p pic ? 2p pi c pic ? *2s pic ? 2s picpic make pic pic pic pic